Standard for Disclosure of Research Funding and Donors
Scope and Applicability: This standard applies to all research conducted within academic institutions, research centers, and any scientific studies published in academic journals, regardless of the field of study.
Mandatory Disclosure Requirement:
Source of Funding: All sources of funding, including grants, donations, sponsorships, and in-kind contributions, must be disclosed.
Donor Identity: The identity of all donors, whether individuals, corporations, non-profits, government entities, or other organizations, must be disclosed.
Amount of Funding: The exact or approximate amount of funding received from each source must be disclosed. If the exact amount cannot be disclosed, a range should be provided.
Conditions of Funding: Any terms or conditions attached to the funding, including expectations of outcomes or restrictions on publication.
Financial Interests of Researchers: Researchers must disclose any personal financial interests that may be seen as potential conflicts of interest.
Routine and Returning Funding: Any long term funding of the faculty and institute, including domestic and foreign interest groups.
Threshold for Disclosure:
Any contribution that exceeds a set minimal threshold, for instance, 1% of the total research budget or a specific monetary amount (e.g., $5,000), must be disclosed.
Smaller contributions that cumulatively exceed this threshold must also be disclosed.
Conflict of Interest Declaration:
Researchers must declare any potential conflicts of interest, including personal, financial, or professional relationships with funders that could influence the research.
If a conflict of interest exists, a detailed explanation of how it has been managed must be provided.
Disclosure Location:
The disclosure information must be prominently displayed in all published materials related to the research, including academic papers, conference presentations, and press releases.
For academic papers, the disclosure should appear in a designated section (e.g., “Funding Disclosure”) at the beginning or end of the document.
Periodic Updating:
Disclosure information must be updated periodically, particularly when new funding is received or when existing funding arrangements change.
Updates should be communicated in all ongoing and subsequent publications related to the research.
Transparency in Peer Review Process:
Peer reviewers and editors must also have access to funding disclosure information to assess any potential biases in the research.
Sanctions for Non-Compliance:
Non-compliance with these disclosure standards should result in appropriate sanctions, which may include retraction of published work, ineligibility for future funding, or other academic penalties.
Public Accessibility:
A public registry should be established where all funding disclosures are accessible to the public for transparency and accountability.
Education and Training:
Researchers, especially those early in their careers, should receive training on the importance of funding transparency and how to comply with disclosure standards.
This standard aims to promote transparency and integrity in research by ensuring that any potential biases introduced by funding sources are openly declared and managed. It recognizes the complexity of funding relationships in modern research and seeks to balance the need for financial support with the imperative of maintaining public trust and scientific credibility.
Professional Managerial Class: The Super-Wage and Working-Poor
The key characteristic of a benefactor of the Professional Managerial Class is the ability to earn a super-wage, which is many times the managerial salary of the post-war reconstruction and Great Society era. The stagnation of the American working wage was theoretically justified by the completion of industrialization in the United States, suggesting that the age of radical growth is gone, complete, and over on the American continent, and that any future wage growth will be limited by inflation and a technology explosion. However, the explosion of super-wages earned by the Professional Managerial Class (PMC) is justified by investments in “foreign developing markets” in this neo-Keynesian-neoliberal theory. It posits that the PMC are, in actuality, foreign rulers residing on American soil, namely in Wall Street, Miami (or Vancouver), and their wealth is derived from carefully investing in emerging markets such as Nigeria, Indonesia, or India. The rapid ...
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